I think the benefits are as follows.
Higher priority on bandwidth. BT wholesale have a minimum speed thats expected under heavy congestionn, business lines have a higher minimum speed, 50% higher. They also have higher priority so eg. under light congestion they should be faster as well. However the reality is congestion is now uncommon on BT's 21CN network. Bear in mind I believe there is no priority system on openreach cabinet backhaul. Just for BTw.
The option of having higher priority fault resolution, I am not sure on this but I think there is effectively 3 grades. Residential, business, and business with a addon. I think residential lines cannot buy this addon. I am defenitly not sure on this tho, I have not googled to verify it.
Isp's themselves may add benefits, eg. plusnet have a dedicated business support team and business customers jump the call queues.
Business lines (isp side) usually allow commercial use whilst residential do not.