It would seem the 0.5mm cable has only a single pair is that correct ?
It depends on what section of cabling you refer to, NS. The big 0.5mm cable from the Exchange to cab (E-side cable), can have as many as 4800prs. The D-side cables are now typically 100pr, 50pr, 20pr, 10pr, 5pr, 2pr and last but not least ..... 1pr. Some of the D-side legacy cables are 5pr, 7pr, 15pr, 25pr, 50pr and 100pr.
There may be others that I'm unaware of, but in nearly 3 decades of working for 'them', these are the ones I've personally seen.
The 1pr is the very latest cable, and for example, will only be used for the last section from the joint-box on the pavement to the BT connection point on the outside of the house.