Impulse Noise Protection can be explained as Extended Ethernet Frames. The size of the packet is similar to a UDP packet, however it is still a TCP packet. This allows for more data to be transfered, allowing a faster connection, yet the TCP part of the packet allows for header information such as error correction.
This in turn allows the line to sit stably with vewry little difference in speed. Of course, like interleaving, when the higher INP is enabled and used, the bigger the header and the smaller the transfer of data. This will then slow the line right down.